We know that organic reaction takes place when reactant react with the intermediate and form a product this reaction is known as an organic reaction. Thus an organic reaction represented as :
Substrate + Reagent - Intermediate(s) - Product(s)
Types of organic reactions are :-
1. Substitution Reaction :- The reaction which involves the direct replacement or substitution of an atom or a group in a molecule by another atom or group is referred to as substitution reaction. In such reactions, bonds are broken and formed at the same carbon which is considered to be the reactive site of the substrate .
2. Addition Reaction :- The reaction which involves the addition of two reactive molecules to give a single molecule, as a product is known as Addition reaction. In such reactions, a triple bond may be converted into a double bond or single bond, and a double bond is usually converted into a single bond and the molecule acquires more saturation.
3. Elimination Reaction :- An elimination reaction involves the loss of two atoms or groups from the same or adjacent atoms of substance to form a multiple bond. It is depending upon the relative position of the atoms or groups eliminated .
4. Rearrangement Reactions :- Reactions which involves the migration of an atom or a group from one atom to another within the molecule are called Rearrangement reactions.
5. Molecular Reactions :- The reaction in which the covalent bond undergoes reorganization either intramolecularly or intermolecularly through cyclic transition states, under the influence of heat or light are called molecular reaction or pericyclic reactions. These reactions are characterized by a high degree of stereospecificity.
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